Evaluatinon Foucaults Approaches Free Essay Example, 3000 words

The problems appeared within the society are related to the decisions of governments under the influence of specific financial and political interests. Foucault s approaches when describing the problems of people in modern society could be characterized as quite descriptive; metaphors are also often used in order to present a specific condition. As an example, in Birth of a Prison, Foucault refers to an imaginary town in which life of all people is depended on the decisions of the syndic that has the power to supervise a specific part of the town. It is within this context that the term absolute is described: this term means that there are no chances available to the people of the city; they have to obey to the rules of the government and accept the supervision of the syndic as part of their daily life. The above issues present an example of the way Foucault handles difficult social problems: he creates a story (imaginary one in most cases) and develop it in accordance with the issues that he wishes to highlight. On the other hand, the conditions of the story mentioned above seem to be pre-arranged; there is no reference to alternative options; all the aspects of lives of people within the imaginary town are pre-decided and there is no option of changing the rules. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluatinon Foucaults Approaches or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page In accordance with the above, Foucault uses specific contexts usually imaginary stories (that have many common elements with the reality) in order to comment on the negative aspects of people s lives. When developing his ideas he usually refers to specific terms to which he gives a particular content (an example is a term absolute as it has been used by Foucault in the Birth of the Prison).

Holdens Attitude to Loss - the Catcher in the Rye

The Catcher In The Rye Holden’s Attitude To Loss And Goodbyes The theme of loss and goodbyes recurs throughout The Catcher in the Rye and each occurrence reinforces Holden’s negative attitude towards change. The most vivid quote to gain insight into Holden’s view on change and subsequently loss (Byrne, Kalua and Scheepers 2012: 64) is in chapter 16 when Holden reflects back on his childhood and his regular school visits to the Natural History Museum, Holden finds a great comfort in the static and unchanging displays in the museum and in the continuity he finds in there, â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move.† (SparkNote†¦2007). The first example of a departure we†¦show more content†¦This difficulty to accept the migration of the ducks is most likely due to Holden’s inability to adapt to and accept change and loss. We see this again in Chapter 16 Holden says after he reminisces about his school trips to the Natural History Museum â€Å"Certain things they should stay the way they are. You ought to be able to stick them in one of those big glass cases and just leave them alone.† (Salinger 1994:110) To understand Holden’s natural affinity towards constancy and familiarity we need to look at his reaction and praise of the kettle drummer in the Radio City pre-show before the movie, we can see that Holden admires the drummer for his precision and enthusiasm but mostly as he recognises him as a constant in the Radio City orchestra since he was a child and Holden has memories attached to watching his performance â€Å"I’ve watched that guy since I was about eight years old. My brother Allie and I, if we were with our parents and all, we used to move our seats and go way down so we could watch him. He’s the best drummer I ever saw.† (Salinger 1994: 124) SOURCES CONSULTED Byrne, D, Kalua, F Scheepers, R. 2012. Foundations in English Literary Studies. Study guide for ENG1501. Pretoria: University of South Africa. SparkNote on The Catcher in the Rye. 2007. [O]. Available: http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/ Accessed onShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy of Holden Caulfield Is That He Cannot Accept the Adult World He Is Too Old to Continue the Innocent Life of a Child1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe main concern of the novel The Catcher in the Rye is not only that the protagonist is trapped between childhood and adulthood, but also the alienation and regression caused by grief when the sufferer does not address their loss properly. Holden Caulfields nervous breakdown is largely due to the death of his younger brother. It is because of this that he fears change and maturity so much, specifically the loss of innocence. Holden cannot accept the complexities of the world; instead, he uses phoninessRead MoreF. Salinger s The Catcher Of The Rye1121 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the best known novels in English-speaking countries, J.D Salinger’s Catcher In The Rye deals with Holden Caulfield’s p ast trauma which is the triggering factor in his depression, anxiety and alienation. Holden tells an unnamed person what has happened in the three days prior to his mental breakdown. Through Holden’s relatable characteristics and Salinger’s narrative treatment, the book continues to engage audiences across generations. The way that Salinger writes gives the audience a veryRead MoreHolden Caulfield s The Catcher Of The Rye824 Words   |  4 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye Symbolism Essay J.D Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye, is the story of Holden Caulfield’s loss of faith in society, and in particular adults. Salinger uses a number of symbols to demonstrate Holden’s rebellion against the phony facade of society and his desire to preserve the innocence of children, especially those he loves. Chief among them is Holden’s misinterpretation of Robert Burns’ poem â€Å"Comin thro’ the Rye†, wherein Holden mistakes the original line, â€Å"If a body meet aRead More Holden Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pages Holden Caulfield, the narrator and the main character of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, is a young adult, who, at first seems to simply describes his four day adventure in New York City after bring expelled from his forth school. However, at the same time he narrates more; through his many experiences, which he describes in the book, we can see the themes of the work. The theme that definitely stands out is the loss of innocence. Holden portrays himself as an individual, who does notRead MoreCatcher in the Rye- Holden as a Dynamic Character Essay example660 Words   |  3 PagesAlexa Noelle Mrs. Mow American Studies 27 March 2012 Analysis of Holden Caulfield Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye Holden sees the world as an evil and corrupt place, however it is clear that he gradually comes to the conclusion he cannot change it. The first instance demonstrating Holden’s progression is when he sees the profanity written all over Phoebe’s school. In this moment he finally understands that it is inevitable to enter adulthood and realizes the impossibility to tryRead MoreReview Of The Perks Of Being A Wallflower 1569 Words   |  7 PagesPerks of Being a Wallflower, and J.D. Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, are critically acclaimed coming of age stories that document the turbulence of adolescence. The protagonists of these novels, Charlie and Holden Caulfield, both encounter common themes in adolescence such as alienation, confusion of sexuality, and loss of innocence. However, although Charlie and Holden share similar experiences in their adolescence, their attitude towards growing up ultimately allows Charlie to have a smootherRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1104 Words   |  4 Pages J.D. Salinger has written multiple novels, but his most famous is The Catcher in the Rye. Not only is this novel famous for its literary merit, it is also known as his most banned novel in certain schools. Even though this novel has been banned, J.D. Salinger’s themes and moralistic purposes serve literary worth. In The Catcher in the Rye, the reader is first introduced to Holden Caulfield, as first person narrator. He is a radically independent adolescent who tosses off judgments at ease unselfconsciouslyRead MoreThe Innocence of Childhood in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1262 Words   |  6 Pagesas a responsible, mature individual. The novel â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† by J.D. Salinger follows the endeavours of Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old teenage boy who faces a point in his life where he must make the transition from childhood to adulthood. In an attempt to retain his own childhood, he begins hoping to stop other young children from growing up and losing their innocence as well. As indicated by the title, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† is a book that explores a theme involving the preservationRead MoreReview Of The Catcher Rye And Huckleberry Finn 1497 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish Combined Coursework: Comparative Essay The theme of rejection is highly predominant in both The Catcher in the Rye and Huckleberry Finn. Both plotlines constantly intertwine with the concept of dismissal from peers, family and society. Despite being set in eras nearing a century apart; these novels perfectly encapsulate conflicts within their cultures. Huckleberry Finn is set in the 1840’s – a time when slavery was still yet to be abolished in America’s southern states. Throughout theRead MoreAn Analysis of J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye1223 Words   |  5 PagesIn J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield is portrayed as a young, troubled individual. He tells us his story from the mental institution where he is currently residing. Holden is a 16 year old going through many different adolescent changes. He is expelled from his prep school for flunking too many subjects. He drinks, smokes, sees a prostitute, is punched by her pimp, goes on dates, spends a great deal of time in the park, and really does not do a great deal else. Holden

Environment for Regional - Economic - Cultural And Policy Issues

Question: Discuss about the Tourism And The Environment for Regional, Economic, Cultural And Policy Issues? Answer: Introduction: Tourism is one of those sectors which are rapidly changing with the influence of social, economic and technological trends. However, Copacabana beach of Rio de Janerio is one of the most beautiful attractive beaches in the world, which maintains its all cultural and natural resources by managing sustainable tourism. This famous beach was created in the year 1930 by Marx with a vision to reflect the waves of the sea (Briassoulis and Van der Straaten 2013). The atmosphere of this beach is very vibrant, and tourists are always attracted to this place for its fireworks and New Year parties. In the literature review part sustainability factors of Copacabana and framework of sustainable tourism management will be analyzed. Literature Review Sustainable Tourism in Copacabana Researchers have analyzed that tourism facilities features of Copacabana have developed a sustainable tourism to meet the needs of host regions and the requirements of tourists. While doing this, it also protects and enhances the opportunities for future sustainable tourism (Hall and Gssling 2013). USA government has made substantial plans for the sustainable tourism developments of this place by enforcing regulation and legislation laws on the infrastructure developments. Useful data will be collected from primary and secondary resources to measure the performance of sustainability and based on those data interpretation will be done. Figure 1: Copacabana Beach of Rio de Janerio (Source: Copacabanapune.co.in 2016) Steps Used For Sustainable Tourism Management Weaver (2012) has found that Copacabana has developed their tourism facilities by adopting some brilliant management strategies and steps which engage resource audit for tourism, environmental and social impact assessment and physical alterations. These strategies help to cope up projects and develop audits for sustainable management. These methods help to identify heritage and tourism issues which are very vital in this aspect (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). Copacabana authorities develop tourism heritage and regional strategic plans to make new tourism products. Researchers have identified that several people like tourist operators, other tourist organizations, park managers. Several community groups and local government have contributed to making this place the best tourist spot in the world. Tourism Operators They help to improve and increase the values of tourism products by innovations (Lee 2013). It contributes to building the strong relationship with the heritage and land managers. Local Government Helps to build development plans for regional tourism and help to develop new projects. Tourism Business In order to improve awareness among the staffs about the tourism issues to develop new business ideas (Getz and Timur 2012). Tourism Organizations Helps to identify new opportunities for sustainable tourism policies. Park Managers Help to build strong communication platforms and partnerships with Community Groups They help to understand the cost and benefits of sustainable tourism for the regions. Attraction Managers And Cultural Heritage Agencies They make sure the fact that cultural heritage of the place is effectively managed as the resource of tourism (Buckley 2012). Regional Organizations They check and monitor whether tourism issues of sustainable management have been addressed adequately or not. Interpretation Officers Help to explore new options for Copacabana through proper steps and decisions. Table 1: Operational Step Management of Sustainable Tourism (Source: Getz and Timur 2012, pp-230) The above operational steps encourage better communication and partnerships with the stakeholders, understand the current issues for better productivity, and increase the support from local regions and communities (Fernndez et al. 2014). Strategies used in the sustainable tourism development of Copacabana are the followings Figure 2: Strategies for Sustainable Tourism (Source: Garca-Meln, Gmez-Navarro and Acua-Dutra 2012, pp-45) Perceptive and ideas of these groups are considered by Copacabana to make effective decisions for future (Rajendra, Temple and Nicholls 2014). Through the sustainable development strategies, managers of Copacabana beach highlight the social, economic and environmental issues to measure their performances. Heritage and tourism principles set the principles and guidelines that illustrate and evaluates the success factors of tourism management (Salerno et al. 2013). These principles help to recognize the importance of tourist spots and heritage places, develop beneficial partnerships with the local partners, and engage heritage issues in the business planning and processes. The primary motive to adopt these principles is to provide high quality experiences to the visitors. Sustainable tourism helps to build plans to make a sustainable development approaches at the tourist spots with cultural and natural heritage value (Waligo, Clarke and Hawkins 2013). By this approach, Copacabana is gr owing day by day by ensuring the fact that conversation needs for natural resources are met. Framework for Sustainability in Tourism The primary goal of Copacabana beach is to implement all the areas of sustainable development including economic, ecological, cultural and social issues in tourism management. Figure 3: Sustainable Tourism Framework (Source: Caroli 2013, pp-120) The above framework of sustainable tourism of Copacabana beach engages research values in sustainable tourism development, good governance, and marketing. The policies used in the planning and management of sustainable tourism are balanced and monitored by the administrators (Weaver 2012). The type, level, and style of the above framework contribute to achieving social, political, economic and cultural benefits. Good marketing policies of Copacabana beach promote their New Year events, songs to attract the customers (Weaver 2012). Data Sources In the data collection method, data sources are very vital to collect useful data and information that can help the readers to understand each and every aspect of the report. Selection of perfect data source penetrates into the research report to extract useful information and data related to the requirements (Page 2014). The primary source of data is collected from the visitors, and secondary data are collected from the beach authorities. Data Analysis Technique Researchers use two types of data analysis techniques according to the requirements of the report; one is the quantitative method, and another is the qualitative approach. The quantitative method helps the researchers to draw correct results from the collected quantitative data (Buckley 2012). On the other hand, qualitative analysis helps to develop concepts and theories which provide additional values to the work. For this particular report, research analysts have chosen mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques to channelize each and every data and information for complementing purposes (Lee 2013). In the study, for quantitative analysis visitors of Copacabana have been considered and for qualitative analysis, managers will be considered. Findings and Interpretation Part A: Situational Analysis of Tourism in Copacabana Beach Researchers have collected data for the situational analysis of Copacabana beach from primary and secondary resources. In the following figure and table, it has been discovered that Copacabana beach maintains its all assets through sustainable management, have so much attraction such as New Year party events, songs, hotels and resorts which attract lots of tourists per year. However, from the comparative advantages and strengths perspective, Copacabana beach is in a moderate position. 1 2 3 4 5 Assets 10% 10% 10% 50% 20% Attractions 2% 3% 10% 10% 75% Unique features 10% 10% 10% 50% 20% Comparative advantages 10% 15% 30% 30% 15% Strengths 10% 10% 30% 30% 20% Table 2: Situational Analysis Rates of Copacabana Beach (Source: Created By Author) Figure 4: Situational Analysis Factors of Copacabana Beach (Source: Created By Author) Part B: Sustainable Tourism Indicators Researchers have chosen some particular indicators to measure the sustainable performance of this tourist spot. To measure visitors' satisfactions, questionnaire session and surveys has been done and according to that, tourists of Copacabana beach are fully satisfied with the services of this place. From this report, it has been identified that with sustainable tourism framework, authorities of this Copacabana beach manage and maintain all the natural resources such as water conservations, waste water management, and garbage management. From the following figure, is has been identified that as per the needs of local communities of USA, Copacabana beach use and consume water in a sustained manner. Through recycling process, waste water management system of this place help to eliminate sanitary problems for local communities and tourists. However in the case of solid waste management proper waste disposal techniques have not been adopted in this place yet. For future developments, this type of system will be needed for sustainable tourism. 1 2 3 4 5 Tourist Satisfaction 10% 10% 5% 10% 65% Resource management 10% 10% 5% 65% 10% Waste Water Management 5% 5% 20% 50% 20% Solid Waste Management 30% 20% 30% 15% 5% Table 3: Sustainable Tourism Indicators for Copacabana (Source: Created By Author) Figure 5: Sustainable Tourism Indicators (Source: Created By Author) Recommendation After analyzing the sustainable tourism development framework of Copacabana, researchers are sure that this place of South America is truly a viable place for its heritage and tourism purposes. Through the tourism development framework, Copacabana Beach maintains the environmental, social-cultural and economic resources in a sustainable manner. But researchers recommend that in the tourism planning of Copacabana regional and national plans must be integrated to strengthen the action of it. The policies adopted for tourism sustainability help to co-ordinate tourism planning with local levels and help to eradicate poverty in the society. Tourism operations of this place must use international standards by maintaining the legislative laws and regulations for sustainable tourism management. Conclusion The entire report was focused on the fact that management of sustainable tourism is greatly related to the environmental sustainability factors which help to maintain cultural, socio-economical and environmental resources for the heritage of a country. Through this report, researchers observed that Copacabana beach of Rio de Janerio is one of the most famous and beautiful place of the world where the visitors from all over the world visit again and again. Higher authorities of this place made a strategic tourism development framework which helps to maintain all the natural resources of the country and achieve greater customers satisfactions. Researchers have observed the interests of visitors towards this place and recommended that this strategic tourism development framework of Copacabana beach must include US government policies, stakeholders investments and advanced marketing strategies to build awareness among the people for natural sustainability. References Books: Briassoulis, H. and Van der Straaten, J. eds., 2013.Tourism And The Environment: Regional, Economic, Cultural And Policy Issues(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media. Hall, C.M. and Gssling, S., 2013.Sustainable culinary systems: Local foods, innovation, and tourism hospitality. Routledge. Page, S.J., 2014.Tourism management. Routledge. Journals: Buckley, R., 2012. Sustainable tourism: Research and reality.Annals of Tourism Research,39(2), pp.528-546. Fernndez, P., Ferreira, M., Prez, C., Stanovic, A., Hodzic, D. and UBA, E.Z., 2014. State-of-the-art future scenarios report. Garca-Meln, M., Gmez-Navarro, T. and Acua-Dutra, S., 2012. A combined ANP-delphi approach to evaluate sustainable tourism.Environmental Impact Assessment Review,34, pp.41-50. Getz, D. and Timur, S., 2012. 12 Stakeholder involvement in sustainable tourism: balancing the voices.Global tourism, p.230. Lee, T.H., 2013. Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development.Tourism Management,34, pp.37-46. Rajendra, A., Temple, N. and Nicholls, R., 2014. Renegotiating Boundaries on Bali Coastal Tourist Resorts. Salerno, F., Viviano, G., Manfredi, E.C., Caroli, P., Thakuri, S. and Tartari, G., 2013. Multiple Carrying Capacities from a management-oriented perspective to operationalize sustainable tourism in protected areas.Journal of environmental management,128, pp.116-125. Tanguay, G.A., Rajaonson, J. and Therrien, M.C., 2013. Sustainable tourism indicators: Selection criteria for policy implementation and scientific recognition.Journal of sustainable Tourism,21(6), pp.862-879. Waligo, V.M., Clarke, J. and Hawkins, R., 2013. Implementing sustainable tourism: A multi-stakeholder involvement management framework.Tourism Management,36, pp.342-353. Weaver, D.B., 2012. Organic, incremental and induced paths to sustainable mass tourism convergence.Tourism Management,33(5), pp.1030-1037. Website Copacabanapune.co.in,. "Index". N.p., 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

Virtual Reality Essays (876 words) - Virtual Reality,

Virtual Reality What is Virtual Reality? The term Virtual Reality (VR) is used by many different people and currently has many meanings. There are some people to whom VR is a specific collection of technologies, that is a Head Mounted Display, Glove Input Device and Audio. However, the general concept of the systems goes way beyond that. "Virtual Reality is a way for humans to visualize, manipulate and interact with computers and extremely complex data" The visualization part refers to the computer generating visual, auditory or other sensual inputs. The images are graphical renderings of a world within the computer. This world may be a CAD model, a scientific simulation, or a view into a database. The user can interact with the world and directly manipulate objects within the world. Some worlds are animated by other processes, perhaps physical simulations, or simple animation scripts. Some people object to the term "Virtual Reality", saying it is an oxymoron. Other terms that have been used are Synthetic Environments, Cyberspace, Artificial Reality, Simulator Technology, etc. VR is the most common and sexiest. It has caught the attention of the media. The applications being developed for VR run a wide spectrum, from games to building and business planning. Many applications are worlds that are very similar to our own, like CAD or architectural modeling. Some applications provide ways of viewing from an advantageous perspective not possible with the real world, like scientific simulators and telepresense systems, air traffic control systems. Other applications are much different from anything we have ever directly experienced before. These latter applications may be the hardest, and most interesting systems. Visualizing the ebb and flow of the world's financial markets. Navigating a large corporate information base, etc. A major distinction of VR systems is the mode with which they interface to the user. There are some non-technologically mediated methods that some people stretch to include in VR, such as books, plays, movies or pure imagination. The above mentioned taxonomy can include these, but we wish to restrict VR to technology mediated systems. Some systems use a conventional computer monitor to display the visual world. This sometimes called desktop VR or a Window on a World (WoW). This concept traces its lineage back through the entire history of computer graphics. In 1965, Ivan Sutherland laid out a research program for computer graphics in a paper called "The Ultimate Display" that has driven the field for the past nearly thirty years. One must look at a display screen, he said, as a window through which one beholds a virtual world. The challenge to computer graphics is to make the picture in the window look real, sound real and the objects act real. [quoted from Computer Graphics V26#3] A variation of the WoW approach merges a video input of the user's silhouette with a 2D computer graphic. The user watches a monitor that shows his body's interaction with the world. Myron Kruger has been a champion of this form of VR since the late 60's. He has published two books on the subject: "Artificial Reality" and "Artificial Reality II". At least one commercial system uses this approach, the Mandala system. This system is based on a Commodore Amiga with some added hardware and software. A version of the Mandala is used by the cable TV channel Nickelodeon for a game show (Nick Arcade) to put the contestants into what appears to be a large video game. Immersive Systems is the ultimate VR systems, completely immerse the user's personal viewpoint inside the virtual world. These "immersive" VR systems are often equipped with a Head Mounted Display. This is a helmet or a face mask that holds the visual and auditory displays. The helmet may be free ranging, or it might be attached to some sort of a boom armature. A nice variation of the immersive systems use multiple large projection displays to create a 'Cave'. An early implementation was called "The Closet Cathedral" for the ability to create the impression of an immense environment. within a small physical space. The Holodeck used in the television series "Star Trek: The Next Generation" is an extrapolation of this technology. A variation on visualizing complete computer generated worlds is "Telepresence". This is a technology

Free Essays on Useless Facts

â€Å"Any Class, Any Day, Any Subject† As I looked into my classroom I saw â€Å"mindless students in perfect rows bombarded by useless facts.† As usual I was late because I needed books for the next class, but there was not enough time to get to my locker. (Compound Complex) I walk in to class and my teacher just gives me a nasty look because we have had this conversation why I am always late. Once I get seated my teacher continues his lecture in a monotone voice that is asking you to go to sleep. (Complex) Next, the clock watching starts, this famous ritual consists of looking at your teacher, yet you don’t really hear what they are saying. Then you start watching the every clock every five minutes, or that is what it seems until look and see the little red hand had not made a single one of it’s sacred revolutions. After twenty minutes of rambling and repeating himself the teacher gives us an asignment that will probably teach us very little and is do at the end of the period. It takes me about five minutes to complete the assignment. After putting my head down in my book for another five minutes I find my self bored enough to play my prehistoric video games on my calculator. Immediately after pulling my calculator out, my friend who is suffering from the same boredom begs me if he can play some games. I really don’t want to, but he is my partner in Spanish and my only chance at a â€Å"C† so I give it to him. There are ten minutes left this is the longest ten minutes of the period because the only thing you have to do is watch the clock. Every second feels like five. It seems as though you can hear the second hand moving. With five minutes left everyone packs up and starts talking which makes time fly by. As the bell rings we turn in our work and go to our next class. Every classroom has a different characteristic. Most of that depends on the teacher but, some subjects can not be taught c... Free Essays on Useless Facts Free Essays on Useless Facts â€Å"Any Class, Any Day, Any Subject† As I looked into my classroom I saw â€Å"mindless students in perfect rows bombarded by useless facts.† As usual I was late because I needed books for the next class, but there was not enough time to get to my locker. (Compound Complex) I walk in to class and my teacher just gives me a nasty look because we have had this conversation why I am always late. Once I get seated my teacher continues his lecture in a monotone voice that is asking you to go to sleep. (Complex) Next, the clock watching starts, this famous ritual consists of looking at your teacher, yet you don’t really hear what they are saying. Then you start watching the every clock every five minutes, or that is what it seems until look and see the little red hand had not made a single one of it’s sacred revolutions. After twenty minutes of rambling and repeating himself the teacher gives us an asignment that will probably teach us very little and is do at the end of the period. It takes me about five minutes to complete the assignment. After putting my head down in my book for another five minutes I find my self bored enough to play my prehistoric video games on my calculator. Immediately after pulling my calculator out, my friend who is suffering from the same boredom begs me if he can play some games. I really don’t want to, but he is my partner in Spanish and my only chance at a â€Å"C† so I give it to him. There are ten minutes left this is the longest ten minutes of the period because the only thing you have to do is watch the clock. Every second feels like five. It seems as though you can hear the second hand moving. With five minutes left everyone packs up and starts talking which makes time fly by. As the bell rings we turn in our work and go to our next class. Every classroom has a different characteristic. Most of that depends on the teacher but, some subjects can not be taught c...

Two Truths and a Lie 35 Good Lies for Tricking Others

Two Truths and a Lie 35 Good Lies for Tricking Others SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Throwing a party or looking for an icebreaker to use at a work event? Whatever the case, Two Truths and a Lie is a unique game that's useful for getting to know other people- and for seeing how good you are at lying! Read on to learn what the game entails and what makes for a good lie. We also give you tons of Two Truths and a Lie ideas to help you have a wildly fun time! What Is Two Truths and a Lie? Two Truths and a Lie is a fun group-based game you can play at parties or use as ice breakers. No special equipment or preparation is needed, though you might want to use pencil and paper to keep track of scores (if playing for points). To play, everyone sits or stands in a circle. One by one, each person in the circle says three statements about him/herself. Two of these statements must be facts, or "truths," and one must be a lie. The other members then try to guess which statement is the lie. What Makes for a Good Lie? A Good Truth? A good lie is one that's ultimately believable: it'll sound like something you might've done or might want to do (but haven't actually done). A lie that's too farfetched will clearly sound fake, so try to think of lies that are similar to truths to make them as plausible-sounding as possible. For example, don't say, "I can speak 22 languages." This statement is clearly a lie (unless you're a famous polyglot!). Rather, say, "I can speak three languages fluently." This statement is just plausible enough to make people doubt whether you're telling the truth or not. When it comes to telling truths, you'll want to tell the truth in such a way that others think you're lying even though you're not. Therefore, a good truth will sound like something you usually wouldn't do or wouldn't want to do (but have actually done). For example, if you're normally a shy person but have been the first to get out on a dance floor, this would be a good truth to tell since other people won't expect you to have done it. 35 Two Truths and a Lie Ideas Below are tons of Two Truths and a Lie examples you can use for lies (or truths if applicable!). Just remember this: when choosing lies, always opt for those that will be most convincing for you! Likes/Dislikes My favorite animals are peacocks. I hate spicy food. I can't stand it when people pay with exact change. I am a vegetarian. My favorite place in the world is New York City. Skills I can play the piano. I'm really good at cooking Italian food. I can juggle. I never learned how to ride a bicycle. I'm a great whistler. Experiences I went to Europe as a high school student. I've met Tom Cruise. I've never seen any of the Star Wars movies. I've eaten poisonous puffer fish. I've never gotten a speeding ticket. Wishes/Dreams When I was younger, my dream was to be a firefighter. I've always wanted to try paragliding. One of the places I want to visit most is Thailand. I hope to eventually run a marathon. If I could, I would pay to visit the moon right now. Family I am a great-great grandniece/grandnephew of Abraham Lincoln. I am the youngest of five siblings. My mother has worked for the same company for 30 years. I own a pet hamster named Murray. I have 18 first cousins. Random/Weird I am colorblind. I am legally deaf in one ear. I was born with a tail. I still own a huge collection of Beanie Babies. I've never broken a bone. I am deathly afraid of clowns. I brush my teeth four times a day. I never use public restrooms. I'm allergic to strawberries. I am incredibly superstitious. Feel free to tweak these Two Truths and a Lie ideas so that they work better for you. Once you've got some ideas ready, get out and have fun!

International trade & business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International trade & business - Assignment Example onal trade and its correlation with foreign direct investments, domestic environments, latest technologies, and the impact on the current international business environment. It also describes the role of driving forces behind the firmly integrated global international trade system. A substantial preference is given to underline the implications of international trade i.e. declining barriers to the international business and its continuous contribution towards the world’s economy. It also analyzes that how the international businesses are reacting to the changing environment of global economy. The paper puts some light on the concerns highlighted by rapid growth of international trade along with its implications to some particular countries and multinational companies. The roles of these companies and government policies have been critically analyzed to figure out the benefits and gray areas of international trade. Over the past thirty years or so, a universal shift has been occurring in the world economy. There was a time when national economies were isolated from one another and relatively self contained. The rationale of isolation included barriers to cross-border trade and investment, i.e. due to distance, time zone, environment and cultures, natural differences in languages and political regulations, and the business systems. Today, the world has been observing a totally different scenario because geographical distances are reducing due to tremendous development in telecommunications and transportation technologies. Beside this, the global environment and culture have turned into almost same fashion while national economies are merging into an integrated as well as independent global economic system. All these changes and developments have decreased the barriers to cross-border trade and investments. It is widely believed that all such happenings and improvements have been occurred by the tremendous growth of international trade at global scale (Panic,

History of the Trumpet Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

History of the Trumpet - Thesis Example The trumpet is often referred to in two different time frames, one before the 1700s and one after this time frame. Before the 1700s, the trumpet used natural tuning. Instead of having keys or ways to move between notes, all of the sounds were made with the embouchure of the player. The trumpet was limited to specific tones and sounds, most which were based on an interval of two to three spaces, specifically which coincided with the harmonic series used by the trumpet. The size of the instrument as well as the placement of the brass would change which tones were heard and which could be altered with the trumpet. The other tones which were used came as passing notes and occurred only when the trumpet player could slide between notes (Brownlow, 1996). The tuning of the trumpet and the natural sound which it carried caused the trumpet to hold a specific place in society. It was used mostly for solo concepts. The louder sound which was provided from the shape of the trumpet as well as the materials used created one aspect of using it for solo purposes. The natural tuning, which often didn’t match with other types of tuning, also presented problems if playing with other instruments. These two considerations led to the instrument being used with solo pieces. It was considered a way to make announcements among royalty and others in society. It was also referenced in Biblical and church components, such as when the trumpet would sound from the angels. This showed the instrument as a way to make announcements.... Before the 1700s, the trumpet used natural tuning. Instead of having keys or ways to move between notes, all of the sounds were made with the embouchure of the player. The trumpet was limited to specific tones and sounds, most which were based on an interval of two to three spaces, specifically which coincided with the harmonic series used by the trumpet. The size of the instrument as well as the placement of the brass would change which tones were heard and which could be altered with the trumpet. The other tones which were used came as passing notes and occurred only when the trumpet player could slide between notes (Brownlow, 1996). The tuning of the trumpet and the natural sound which it carried caused the trumpet to hold a specific place in society. It was used mostly for solo concepts. The louder sound which was provided from the shape of the trumpet as well as the materials used created one aspect of using it for solo purposes. The natural tuning, which often didn’t mat ch with other types of tuning, also presented problems if playing with other instruments. These two considerations led to the instrument being used with solo pieces. It was considered a way to make announcements among royalty and others in society. It was also referenced in Biblical and church components, such as when the trumpet would sound from the angels. This showed the instrument as a way to make announcements, to grab attention and to work as a way to add melody into a situation where no other music was heard (Noble, 2004). It wasn’t until the 1700s that composers involved in music began to change the arrangements and basic approaches to music. During this time, the composers became interested in the Well – Tempered tuning. This used a chromatic

Eveline By James Joyce and Samphire by Patrick OBrian Essay Example for Free

Eveline By James Joyce and Samphire by Patrick OBrian Essay Both of these stories tell of women wanting to break away from dominating male influences in their lives. Eveline is fed up of working at home and of looking after her father where as Molly wants a life away from Lacy. But at the end of each story, neither woman is nearer to her goal of a new life. The start of Eveline is very descriptive and gives the reader the impression of her life so far. Although Eveline works around the house, in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired and these three words set the tone of the story for the reader. In contrast, Samphire opens with the uplifting white cliffs and the vicious sea. The wind brought the salt tang of the spray on their lips. This opening is also very descriptive but in a different way to Eveline the sheer power of nature and the quiet and simple home. But both of these openings are effective in setting the scene for the story. Eveline lives at home with her father as her brothers and sisters were all grown up, her mother was dead. This last fact obviously had a huge effect on Eveline and her father, possibly making her father become violent, she sometimes felt herself in danger of her fathers violence. And now Eveline wants to go away like the others, to leave her home. Mollys problems or intentions about what she wants to do are not known about until near to the end. It is possible though to guess at what she is irritated about her husband Lacey. He had a high, rather unmasculine voice, and he emphasized his words. He is very persistent, three times he pointed it out; patronising, how he had even to be a little firm; childish, wagging his finger; trying to be humorous, made a joke about the shop being a house of ill-fume; but the tobacconist did not understand; not attractive, the thin, fluffy hair that covered his baldness, and extremely image conscious, and how the people would stare when they brought it back. But it wasnt all easy for Eveline either. She had to put up with her father who said that she used to squander the money and that she had no head. She had hard work to keep the house together and overall it was a hard life. But Frank was a totally different person, very kind, manly, open hearted compared to her violent father. Her relationship with Frank was going fine until her father found out the affair and had forbidden her to have anything to say to him. This is because he relies on her and that he doesnt want to lose. There is also the possibility that he is quite a stubborn man and that Frank is intruding on his relationship with his daughter. Throughout the whole story, there is the doubt or guilt factor that is preventing Eveline from leaving and going off to Buenos Aires with Frank. Now she was about to leave it (her life) she did not find it a wholly undesirable life; her time was running out, and that her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her. Then near to the bottom of the second page come the crucial facts about why she does not want to leave home: the promise to her dying mother, her promise to keep the home together as long as she could. The plot of Samphire is that Lacey sees a clump of samphire on the edge of a cliff and is determined for Molly to see it. Once she has seen it, there is a great satisfaction from Lacey as he knows that Molly is scared of heights, heights terrified her, always had, but he still forces her to look at the plant. The next day Molly said she would like to see the samphire again much to the joy of Lacy. She obviously does this to keep him happy and possibly to keep him quiet for a little while. As they reach the top of the cliff and turn the path, Lacey cries out, it is still there. Oh jolly good. It is still there. As he stretched over the cliff to try and reach the plant, Molly stepped forward and tried to push him off the cliff, but as she pushed him she felt her arms weak like jelly. It is almost as if in her heart she doesnt want to push him off. For a second the wind bore his body and the stick scrabbled furiously for a purchase on the cliff. He gets up, screaming at her, you pushed me Molly, you pushed me, you pushed me. Lacey is in complete shock as he realises what Molly was trying to do. Still she stood, stone still not listening to him. She marches off down the path, with Lacey following after her. Before he was leading the way, but now she is the dominant figure in their relationship. And still he is trying to believe that it was an accident but he was lucky that she didnt push him all the way off. The end of Eveline results in her doing what her heart feels is best as well, just like Molly as she leaves Frank to stay with her father. All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart. It was a difficult decision but one that she had to make.

Security Versus Privacy Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive essays

Security Versus Privacy As a result of 9/11, our country has been faced with a new issue: electronic privacy. The terrorists that attacked us used our own technology against us to protect their activities from our view. Because of this, we are now forced to make a decision between two desirable things: privacy and national security. On the one hand, our right to privacy will ensure that our personal rights are not violated, whereas, on the other hand, national security would allow us some comfort against the evil in the world. What are we supposed to do? This issue, however it is decided, will have tremendous impact on each and every one of our lives. The ruling that the government makes concerning this issue will greatly alter the course of our nation and our lives. Our world can either offer complete privacy, which will protect even the criminals from sight, or it will be a closely monitored space that almost completely eliminates our rights as a free person. Now, it is very unlikely, however, that the wo rld will reach one of these two extremes. A quote from The Economist says it well. 'Amidst all this sound and fury, both sides need to consider the fundamental question: in light of the attack, where must the balancing point between security and liberty be set' (The Economist). It does not seem possible to stray to either extreme. Instead, these two issues are dependent on each other. Therefore, our country must seek to find a balance between the two extremes. The government will, however, end up favoring one idea over the other, and that is the crucial part. Their decision will forever change the way people use technology, for personal, business, and other uses. There are currently a few main solutions pertaining to th... .... Bill of Rights. n.d. Cornell Law School. 30 March 2002. Brown, Jason. Personal interview (MOO Lecture). 4 April 2002. Economist. 29 September 2001. 27 February 2002 Electronic Frontier Foundation. n.d. 29 March 2002 Grier, Peter. ?Fragile Freedoms.? Christian Science Monitor 13 December 2001. 29 March 2001 Knouse, Lois E. Personal interview. 11 April 2002. Leahy, Patrick. Statement Of Senator Patrick Leahy. 25 October 2001. U.S. Senate. 27 February 2002 McCullagh, Declan. ?Congress Mulls Stiff Crypto Laws.? Wired Magazine 13 September 2001. 29 March 2002

Dbq Reconstruction After Civil War, Political and Social Essay

As the American Civil War came to a bloody end with the northern side conquering, it was evident the newly reunited Unites States was in ruins economically, as well as socially and politically. Beginning in 1865, this initiated the beginning of the Reconstruction era with the purpose of rebuilding and reestablishing America. Among the American people were the newly freed African Americans whom who were dumped into society frequently destitute, unaided, and unknowing. Although the north had won and blacks were given freedom, they still had fight to exercise their newly given rights. While Reconstruction was meant to recreate, reform, and restore America into a successful, united country while integrating recently liberated African Americans into society, the establishment of political and social change to equalize blacks unfortunately did not come about until after the demise of the nineteenth century. Although finally given constitutional rights, civil liberties and privileges in addition to legally being regarded as a citizen of the United States, African Americans still had to struggle for their acceptance and entitlement in political American. Anti-black violence customarily was used to scare and prohibit blacks to play a part in politics. Although legally given the right to vote (Document C) as well as having Enforcement Acts passed protecting the politics of African Americans and more fiercely prohibiting extremist groups and acting racists, blacks were still hesitant in exercising this liberty. Southerners, Democrats and other opposing individuals thought that through brutality and intolerance, they could keep their political power while possibly eliminating the Republican Party, their adversary faction. One extremist organization that originated on ideas including white supremacy and white nationalism was the KKK, formally known as the Ku Klux Klan. Through violent acts and terrorism, this hate group showed their opposition on non-white individuals, although primarily recently liberated African Americans. Other forces acting against blacks were the Jim Crow Laws, although generally enforced in the southern states, which outlawed blacks from putting their recently obtained rights and liberties into practice (Document H). In addition to these laws, regulations, dubbed Black Codes, were passed by the South for the sole purpose of limiting the freedom of former slaves. Although legalized as citizens and given the civil and constitutional rights, liberties and privileges as any other civilian (Document B), African Americans still had to fight to utilize and employ them. The Reconstruction era was intended to bring about political changes to society for the benefit of integrating African Americans, alas, Reconstruction would pass before favorable changes were achieved.

College Essay Essay

One of the greatest challenges i believe that our generation will face is finishing high school, going to college and getting a job. One of the reasons that most teens wont finish high school is because alot of them are often peer pressured into doing things that will delay or prevent them from finishing such as getting pregnant, getting caught up in gangs and drugs. Another reason that teens may not finish high school is because they may not get required services that they need in order for them to do well or even understand the content of the work. Also teens may go to schools that are poorly funded by the state so they may not be able to get the supplies and books that they need for the classes. The school may also be a failing school and it may shut down before students get a chance to graduate and the students may not bother trying to look for another school. Teens can also be discouraged from finishing high school because of things that may be happening in school. Some people may have a hard time making friends which can make them lonely and not want to go to school or they may be a victim of bullying by others which may cause them to drop out. Going to college may be a challenge for our generation for several diffrent reasons. One reason that teens may not go to college is because of the household that they come from. The people in their household may not have went to college so it might give the teen the mindset that if they didn’t go then i shouldn’t have to go. Another reason may be the type of neighborhood they live in. They may live in a more urban neighborhood where people that live there or were raised there aren’t expected to go to college. It may make the teen skeptical to want to go because of what people may say about them if they do. A big reason is that the person may be indecisive as to what they want to do as a career. The major reason that most teens dont go to college is that even though they were accepted for financial aid they still may not be able to afford school. Getting a job may be challenging for our generation because majority of the teens applying for these jobs dont even have the bare minimum requirement which is a high school diploma because they never finished high school. Another reason is that after they finish college and get their degree they may not be able to get a job in their choice field of career. They may also only have an associates degree which may not be enough college education for that particular job. Another reason is the rate of unemployment. Many people are getting laid off because the company they work for doesn’t have enough money to pay them. If the companies dont have enough money to pay their best and most experienced workers how can they subsidize a teen. The major reason that they cant get a job is because most teenagers are lazy and dont want to get up and look for a job. They expect everything to be handed to them or they opt to take the easy way out and sell drugs or their bodies.

Free Essays on Computer Security

Computer Crime: Prevention and Innovation Since the introduction of computers to our society, and in the early 80’s the Internet, the world has never been the same. Suddenly our physical world got smaller and the electronic world set its foundations for an endless electronic reality. As we approach the year 2000, the turn of the millenium, humanity has already well established itself into the â€Å"Information Age.† So much in fact that as a nation we find our selves out of a service economy and into an information based economy. In a matter of only a few years almost all systems are run buy computers in some way, shape, or form. We depend on them for everything. Even the smallest malfunction or glitch in a system could now cause unfathomable amounts of trouble in everything from riding the bus, having access to your money, to getting your prescription at the pharmacists. Furthermore, Icove (1998) suggested that with the price of home computers that work faster and store more memory going down every yea r due to competition in the market, it is estimated that by the year 2011 most every American home will have a PC with instant access to the Internet. With an increase in users everyday and new businesses taking advantage of perks of an alternate electronic world, this information dimension will only get bigger, more elaborate, provide more services, and we will find society as a whole more and more dependent on it. However, even in an artificial environment such as the cyberspace, it appears mankind cannot escape from its somewhat overwhelming natural attraction to wrongful behavior or criminal tendencies. In turn this alternative dimension has been infected with the same criminal behavior that plagues our physical reality. The information age has opened the doors to anti social, smart, and opportunistic people to find new and innovative ways to commit old crimes. These people are called hackers. Schamalleger (1999), s... Free Essays on Computer Security Free Essays on Computer Security Computer Crime: Prevention and Innovation Since the introduction of computers to our society, and in the early 80’s the Internet, the world has never been the same. Suddenly our physical world got smaller and the electronic world set its foundations for an endless electronic reality. As we approach the year 2000, the turn of the millenium, humanity has already well established itself into the â€Å"Information Age.† So much in fact that as a nation we find our selves out of a service economy and into an information based economy. In a matter of only a few years almost all systems are run buy computers in some way, shape, or form. We depend on them for everything. Even the smallest malfunction or glitch in a system could now cause unfathomable amounts of trouble in everything from riding the bus, having access to your money, to getting your prescription at the pharmacists. Furthermore, Icove (1998) suggested that with the price of home computers that work faster and store more memory going down every yea r due to competition in the market, it is estimated that by the year 2011 most every American home will have a PC with instant access to the Internet. With an increase in users everyday and new businesses taking advantage of perks of an alternate electronic world, this information dimension will only get bigger, more elaborate, provide more services, and we will find society as a whole more and more dependent on it. However, even in an artificial environment such as the cyberspace, it appears mankind cannot escape from its somewhat overwhelming natural attraction to wrongful behavior or criminal tendencies. In turn this alternative dimension has been infected with the same criminal behavior that plagues our physical reality. The information age has opened the doors to anti social, smart, and opportunistic people to find new and innovative ways to commit old crimes. These people are called hackers. Schamalleger (1999), s...

Spanish Astronomy Vocabulary Words

Spanish Astronomy Vocabulary Words Because much of ancient Western knowledge about the heavens comes to us from or through people who spoke Greek or Latin. Because of this many of the Spanish words related to planets, stars and other aspects of astronomy will seem familiar as they are borrowing from Latin and Greek as well. Here are some of the most important Spanish astronomical words: Astronomical Bodies - Los cuerpos celestes Alpha Centauri - Alfa Centauriasteroid - el asteroideBig Dipper - la Osa Mayor (The Spanish name means the great female bear.)binary star - la estrella binariablack hole - el agujero negro, el hoyo negrocomet - el cometa (Note that la cometa refers to a kite.)constellation - la constelacià ³ncosmic rays - los rayos cà ³smicosdwarf planet - el planeta enano (Enano here functions as an invariable adjective.)galaxy - la galaxiagamma radiation, gamma rays - la radiacià ³n gamma, los rayos gammameteor - el  meteoro, el bà ³lidoMilky Way -   la Và ­a Lcteamoon -   la luna  (capitalized  la Luna  when referring to Earths moon)nebula -   la nebulosaneutron star - la estrella de neutronesNorth Star - la estrella Polarnova - la novaplanet -   el planetaquasar -   qusar, quasar, cusar, cuasarred dwarf -   la enana rojared giant -   la gigante rojasatellite - el satà ©litesolar system - el sistema solarstar - la estrellasun - el sol (el Sol when ref erring to Earths sun)sunspot - la mancha solar (a mancha is a stain)supernova - la supernovauniverse - el universowhite dwarf - la enana blanca Our Solar System - Nuestro sistema solar asteroid belt - el cinturà ³n de asteroidesasteroids - los asteroidesCeres - CeresEarth -   la TierraEris - ErisJupiter - el Jà ºpiterMars - el MarteMercury - el Mercuriomoon - la LunaNeptune - el NeptunoPluto - el Plutà ³nrings of Saturn - los anillos de SaturnoSaturn - el Saturnosun - el SolUranus - el UranoVenus - el Venus Other Terms - Otros tà ©rminos albedo - el albedoastronaut - el/la astronautaastronomy -   la astronomà ­aBig Bang - el Big Bang, la gran explosià ³ncrater - el crterdark matter - la materia oscuraeclipse - el eclipsefull moon - el plenilunio, la luna llenagravitational field -   el campo gravitatoriogravity - la gravedadlight year- al aà ±o luz  (los aà ±os luz in plural)magnetic field - el campo magnà ©ticonew moon - la luna nuevanuclear fusion - la fusià ³n nuclearorbit - la à ³rbitared shift - el corrimiento al rojo, el desplazamiento hacia el rojorevolution - la revolucià ³nsolar flare - la erupcià ³n solarspacecraft - la nave espacialspace probe - la sonda espacialspace shuttle - el transbordador espacial, la lanzadera espacialspace station - la estacià ³n espacialtelescope - el telescopiotheory of relativity - la teorà ­a de la relatividadtwinkling (of stars) - el centellearvacuum of space - el vacà ­o del espaciowormhole - el agujero de gusano (This is an example of a calque.)zodiac - el zodiaco, el zodà ­aco

A mini-version of a possible chapter of literature review for a Dissertation

A mini-version of a possible chapter of literature review for a proposal - Dissertation Example In this regard, current scholarly literatures agree that there is an important correlation between the teachers’ perceptions, beliefs and attitudes vis-a-vis inquiry based teaching methodology In this chapter, the research methodology that has been adopted in the entire course of the research was presented. In addition, the justification for the selected research methodology, the research approach, research philosophy adopted some ethical concerns and other significant facets clarifying the research methodology for the study. This was done in order to provide a clear frame in which the information and the data used in answering the questions of the research were gathered. In addition, it established the steps taken to achieve the purposes of the study In this regard, the purposes of this research are first, to determine and establish the correlation between teachers’ perception, beliefs and attitudes and inquiry–based teaching methodology. Second, the study aims to identify the factors affecting and influencing the correlation between teachers’ perception, beliefs, and attitudes and inquiry–based teaching methodology. ... 1. What is the relationship between the teachers’ perception of Science and inquiry-based teaching methodology? H.0. There is no relationship between the teachers’ perception of science and inquiry-based teaching methodology. 2. What is the relationship between the teachers’ beliefs regarding Science and inquiry based teaching methodology? H.0. There is no relationship between teachers’ beliefs regarding Science and inquiry-based teaching methodology. 3. What is the relationship between the teachers’ attitude towards Science and inquiry- based teaching methodology? H.0. There is no relationship between teachers’ attitude towards Science and inquiry-based teaching methodology. In order to clarify further these three main questions, some sub-questions will also be addressed. These are (1) what is perception? (2) What is the meaning of beliefs? (3) What is attitude? All of these questions were asked within the context of Science as formal subjec t in school. It is deemed necessary to ask these questions as these concepts connote broad definitions and scope. As such, as a form of limitation, the focus of understanding perception, beliefs and attitude were geared in connection with teaching Science as formal subject in elementary. These questions were developed to â€Å"give direction to the study, limit the scope of the investigation, and provide a device for evaluating progress and satisfactory completion† (Hatch, 2002, p. 41). Research Design Research design is the overall structure that guides the entire research endeavor. It provides the framework in which the conduct of the research is patterned. The above schema presents the design that has been followed in the conduct of the research. For the study,

Equity and Trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Equity and Trusts - Essay Example 500 or part of it. The equitibility of the words â€Å"†¦ I regard the money in the account as much yours as mine† by Brian shall be construed with reference to the conduct of parties. A trust is a binding agreement between a testator and the trustee for the benefit of the beneficiary. Accordingly, for there to exist a valid trust, three certainties must be present. The â€Å"certainty of words† which reveals the intention of the testator, certainty of â€Å"subject matter† (property bequeathed) which in this case is the money and the â€Å"certainty of objects† (the intended beneficiary) as upheld byâ€Å"Lord Langdale MR† as he was then in â€Å"Knight V Knight (1840).† Besides, Lindley L J in â€Å"Re Hamilton [1895]†stated that the intention of the testator in every wording or disposition should as a rule of prudent practice is construed on the merits of each case. Whereas the current case presents quite a problematic and conf licting loyalty in the application of equity and trust, it can be regarded as a constructive trust. According to Lord Denning in â€Å"Hussey v Palmer (1972)† this is a trust imposed upon by the Court whenever justice, conscience or good objective judgment demands it to be vested in the beneficiary. From conduct of parties, Brian had the intention to create a valid constructive trust. ... It’s also correct that Premafacie, the words themselves are not sufficient enough to create a valid trust but coupled with Brian’s conduct, there is a manifestation of that intention by his assurance to Amanda. For example, in the case of Paul v Constance (1977), money was placed into the account â€Å"sole name of Constance.† As it were assurances were made to Mr. Paul that the money in the account was jointly owned. Paul argued that based on that construction, it was sufficient that the wording created a joint ownership of the account. It was held that the conduct of the parties created an intention of joint ownership. Similarly in â€Å"Re Vandervell’s Trust (No 2) (1974)†, the money in the settlement was used in purchasing shares. This was done in exercise of a prevailing option for the intended beneficiary. The Court held that the conduct of these parties where upon they used the money to pay dividends into the intended settlement was sufficien t evidence of the intention to create a valid trust although no specific words were used. Therefore, in the current case, although it’s difficult to state the words in the phrase â€Å"†¦ I regard the money in the account as much yours as mine† as sufficient to create a valid trust, it’s also correct from the above case law that this wording coupled with the conduct of Brian created a valid constructive trust as sufficient certainty for that requisite intention . I advise Amanda to institute an equitable claim on the above basis because equity â€Å"looks at the intent rather than the form.† It’s the spirit behind the conduct of the parties which is important rather than the form of the statement. She will first seek an injunction to maintain the statusquo until the Court decides discretionary

War and Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

War and Technology - Essay Example During World War One, military officials realized the importance of having up to date weapons to win wars (Stewart 2001)2. During this period, armies used advanced weapons recognized as second generation warfare and realized that machinery and weapons are used to conquer and win battles and the only importance of military officials is limited to occupying the conquered areas. 1Harris, Brice F.  America, Technology and Strategic Culture: A Clausewitzian Assessment. London: Routledge, 2009. Internet resource. 2Neil, Stewart.  The Changing Nature of Warfare, 1700-1945. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2001. Print. During this period armies even realized the importance of transportation as these vehicles were used to transport men and machinery from one end to another. These improvements in technology clearly defined that to gain victory in war; you have to be sound technologically at both the operative and the tactical bases. The belief of technological soundness being the determinant o victory of war was clearly visible in different wars such as the Cold War and Current Wars that take place every now and then. Body After WWII, major nations throughout the earth started developing the technological side of their defense, they started developing and acquiring new kinds of air shuttles, sea transport and weapon, new form of larger missiles and bombs and machinery that is used while nation’s army is fighting in the land (Melko 2001)3. The continuous up gradation of the technological side led to the development of military aircrafts and air transports which had higher degree of accuracy and speed, researchers even developed new forms of surveillance systems to gain higher degree of accuracy during the process of acquiring information, for this purpose GPS systems came into existence. These developments in technological advancements were recognized as 3GW (Third Generation Warfare), these developments were utilized during the period of WWII and during Gulf War th at took place between Iraq and US and later even in different attacks conducted on Iraq starting from 2003 till present date. These wars clearly exhibited that those countries that were able to accept and create technological advancements are the victorious ones. 3Mathew, Melko.  General War Among Great Powers in World History. Lewiston, N.Y: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001. Print. Advanced Technology in Operational Level While creating a strategy before going to war, both the tactical as well as the operational bases of the war are taken into consideration and special importance is given to the technological aspect of these two bases. According to Giulio Douhet, one of the best strategies implemented is the use of air power to destroy the opponent civil population’s willingness to fight (Douhet 2010)4. This strategy was implemented in different wars, for example: during the period of WWI, this strategy was implemented by the German strategists while attacking London and NATO forc es even used the same strategy while attacking Kosovo. This strategic move increases the accuracy at which the war targets are attacked, thus this strategy obtains the optimum result while keeping the collateral losses at the lower end. Advancement in technology has been accepted as morally correct as these advancements increases the probability of armies gaining the accurate intelligence about the legal targets that need to be

Motor Neurone Disease Health And Social Care Essay

Motor Neurone Disease Health And Social Care Essay sensory neuron and motor neuron. Sensory neuron brings the signal from the target organ to brain in the form of electrical impulses and motor neuron has just the opposite function i.e. it brings the impulses from brain to target organ to respond against the particular stimulus. In MND these motor neurons are get affected that control voluntary muscle including speaking, walking, breathing, sawalloing and general movement of body. Skeletal muscle are innervated by a group of neurons (lower motor neuron) located in the ventral horn of spinal cord which projectout the ventral roots to the muscle cells. These nerve are innervated by corticospinal tract or upper motor neuron that project from motor cortex of brain. In microscopic pathology there is degeneration of ventral horn of spinal cord as well as atrophy of ventral roots. Introduction: Motor neuron disease (MND) are the group of neurological disorder. It affects the motor neurons. Motor neurons have main function in bringing the signal in form of impulses from brain to the effectors organs (target organ) and in this way control the voluntary activity like walking, speaking, swallowing and other general movements. A French neurologist, Jean Martin Charcot, first suggested club together all conditions that affect the lateral horn of spinal cord in 1869. The other common name for MND are- ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive muscular atrophy (PLS). The cause of MND is sporadic. Genetic factor and environmental factor are responsible for it up to some extent. The motor system mainly consist of four parts: pyramidal system, basal ganglia, cerebellum and neuromuscular system. The lesion in any of them can lead to neurodegenerative disease. There may be several reason associated with lesion like intracellular hemorrhage, stroke etc. There is not much scope available for treatment of this disease permanently. Medical science still does not have any effective and permanent cure. Here I am trying to use stem cell technology approach for the treatment of this disease. As stem cells are the master cells of human body and can have capacity to derive all kind of cells. Because of its versatile nature, these cell can generate the motor neuron cells which get degenerated in MND. Here some stem cells cell approach is being consider and technique involved for its treatment are neural stem cell approach, the delivery of stem cells into multiple site and affected area, induced pluripotent cells approach, glial restricted precursor approach, cell therapy approach etc. The motor system: The motor system consist of: Pyramidal system (upper motor neuron) The basal ganglia (extrapyramidal system) The cerebellum Neuromuscular system The normal motor pathway contain upper motor neuron that synapse in the brainstem and spinal cord with lower motor neuron. The nerve cell bodies of of upper motor neuron (UMNs) lie in the precentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex and in several brainstem nuclei, their axon synapse with motor nuclei in brainstem (cranial nerve nuclei) and the spinal cord (peripheral nerve). Lower motor neuron (LMNs) have their cell bodies in the anterior horn (AHC); their axon transmit impulse through their anterior root into peripheral nerve terminating at neuromascular [junction Rosa-Eva Huettl et al, Feb 2011]. Skeletal cells which are voluntary in nature are innervated by group of neurons (LMNs) which are located in the ventral horn of spinal cord and these nerve cells are innervated by corticospinal tract(UMN) which project from motor cortex of brain. Three kinds of motor pathways impringe on the anterior horn cells ; the corticospinal tract, the basal ganglia system, and the cerebellar system. These are additional pathway originating in brainstem that mediate flexor and extensor tone in limb movement and posture most notable in coma. All these higher motor pathways affect movement through the LMNs- so called the final common pathway. C:UsersGUDDU-SUDDUDesktoppari2.gif Fig 1: representation of motor cortex and internal capsule. The principal motor pathway (pyramidal tract) is depicated. The movement whether initiated voluntarily in the cortex, automatically in the basal ganglia or reflexly in the sensory receptors, must ultimately be translated into action via anterior horn cells. A lesion in any of the above mentioned area will affect movement or reflex activity. The three principal motor pathway are: The corticospinal (pyramidal) tract: the cortiocospinal (pyramidal) tracts mediate voluntary movement and integrate skilled, complicated, or delicate movement of selected muscular actions and inhibit others. They also carry impulses that inhibit tone, hence, their lesion results in hypertonia. The corticospinal fibres originate in the cerebral cortex (precentral mortex cortex) pass through corona radiata and condense in the internal capsule, pass through its posterior limb and travel own through mid brain, pons and comes down into lower medulla, where they form an anatomical structure resembling a pyramid. There most of the fibres cross to the opposite or contralateral side of the medualla, pass downwards and synapse with the anterior horn cells or with internuncial neurons. Tracts synapsing in the brainstem with motor nuclei of the cranial nerves are termed corticobullar fibres (tract). The basal ganglia system: it included motor pathways between the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, brain stem and spinal cord. It controls tone, posture and body movement especially gross automatic movement such as walking. The cerebellum: it receives both sensory and motor inputs and controls the co-ordinates the motor activity, maintains equilibrium and control posture. Body part representation in motor cortex and internal capsule: The body part are represented in contraleteral hemisphere in a characteristic fashion i.e. lower limb occupies upper position, face occupied lower most, arm and trunk occupy a large area. Similarly, the parts of the body capable of performing delicate movements have largest cortical representation. In internal capsule, the representation of the part is reserved. The upper limbs, trunk and lower limbs occupy upper middle and lower parts of posterior limb of the internal capsule. Change in the posture and alteration in the tone of many muscles requires for the movement of body. Some quite distant from the part being moved. The motor system consist of hierarchy of control mechanism that maintain body posture, baseline, muscle tone upon which a specific movement is superimposed. The lowest order of the hierarchy lies in the gray matter of spinal cord which control the muscle tone in response to stretch and the reflex withdrawl to noxious stimuli. Above the spinal cord, circuits between basal ganglia and motor cortex constitute the extrapyramidal system which control background muscle tone and body posture and gate the initiation of movement. Cause of MND and symptoms associated with it: Almost 90% of MND cases are sporadic [Leyanx Xu et al, April 2009] i.e. the patient have not family record of this disease. Genetic factors and environmental factor is important in determing individuals sucettibility. Some genes linked to ALS are: Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase SOD1, ALS2, NEFH, SETX and vesicle associated with protein B (VAPB). SOD1 mutation is responsible for about 20% of the MND case among in a family. The main product of SOD1 gene is superoxide dismutase enzyme. It act as a free radical scavenger and function as to reduce the oxidative stress of cells throughout body [Gurney ME et al, April 1997] . Till now about more than 100 different kinds of mutation in SOD1 gene have been found, which account for development of MND and its some other forms as well (ALSOD database). AV4 is the most commonly mutation occurring in North America and occur in up to 50% of SOD1 cases. In such a way different region and countries have different mutation which directly or indirectly affect SOD1 gene. For instance, in Japan the most common mutation is H46R. D90A mutation is associated with the slow progression of ALS is found in the people of Scandinavian [Gurney ME et al, April 1997]. As SOD1 gene is involved in the reduction of oxidative stress so its mutation confers a gain in toxic and affect the nerve cells. Rather than this aspect lesion in various parts of the motor system produce distructive pattern of motor deficit. These can induce negative symptoms of weakness, lack of coordination, lack of stability and stiffness or positive symptoms such as tremor, dystonia, chorea, athetosis, hemiballism, tics and myoclonus. When the lower limbs are affected, characteristic pattern of gait disorder may result. Lower motor neuron lesion: It consist of anterior horn cells, nerve roots, peripheral nerves and myoneural junctions. Groups of muscle fibres innervated by single anterior horn cells (LMN) from a motor unit, hence, it will cause loss of function of these motor unit and muscle fibres innervated by them result into weakness, flaccid, paralysis, atrophy and wasting the muscles and these muscle fibres depolorise spontaneously producing fibrillation. Sign and symptoms of lower neuron lesion: Weakness or loss of movement. Decrease tone (hypotonia-flaccid paralysis). Loss of tendon and superficial reflexes. Wasting of muscle leading to atrophy. Fasciculation. Trophic change in skin and nail in neutropathies. Contractures of muscle. Upper motor neuron lesions: The corticospinal tract (UMM) extended from the cortex to spinal cord, when damaged or destroyed, its function are reduced or lost below the level of lesion. When UMNs are damaged above the crossover of tract in medulla, motor impairment develops on opposite or contralateral side. In damage below the crossover, motor impairment occur on same or ipsilateral side of body. A UMN lesion manifests clinically: Weakness of limb or limbs. Brisk tendon stretch reflexes and loss of superficial reflexs. Hypertonia i.e. spastic increase in tone greater in the extensors of lower limb and flexors of upper limb which is a characteristic pattern of hemiplegia. Extensor plantar responses. The weakness is more pronounced in extensors of upper limbs and flexors of lower limb. Little or no wasting of muscles. Extrapyramidal lesions: Disease of basal ganglia or extrapyramidal system does not cause paralysis but produce an increase in tone, disturbance in posture and gait, a slowness or lack of spontaneous and automatic movement termed bradykinesia, and a variety of involuntary movements. Cerebellar lesions: it leads to: Lack of coordination on the same side of body. The initial part of movement is normal but as target is approached and accuracy of movement deteriorates resulting in intention termor. Impairment of gait, equilibrium and postures. Lesions involving the cerebellar hemisphere lead to ataxic gait; while involvement of central vermis leads to truncal ataxia (patient has difficulty in sitting up, or standing). Decrease in muscle tone due to involvement of red nucleus. Paralysis is not a feature of cerebellar disease. Except all these stroke is also one of the commonest cause for motor neuron disorder. Diagnosis: Clinical diagnosis established by neurologist on the basis of neurological examination. Investigation such as blood test, EMG (electromyography), MRI (magnetic resonance image) and sometime genetic testing to diagnose the disease. The other way to diagnose the disease is by concentrating on symptoms and body condition. Treatment: Riluzole is the only drug that affect the course of disease [Theiss RD, et al, mar 2011]. This drug function by blocking the effect of neurotransmitter glutamine and is extend the life spain of an an ALS patient by only few months. Still there is no total cure of MND. The other treatment is being used are acute stroke management, as stroke is one of commonest cause of development of this disease. Stem cell approach for treatment of motor neuron disease: As mention above the main cause of this disease is degeneration of motor neurons. So application of stem cell technology in the generation of motor neuron can be very useful technique to treat this disease. Stem cells are the master cells of the human body. Because of versatile nature, stem cells have potential to repair or replace the degenerated cells. There are many issue which are important to be consider if we translate the current knowledge of stem cell into the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. First of all the clinically competitive and risk to the patient acceptable is necessary to be define. One of the important issue is that the proliferation and differentiation are difficult to control. Animal model may not fully predict their toxicity and risk involve for development of tumor formation after implantation [ Olle lindvall et al,4 jan 2010]. The disease pathology has to be determine that which cell be generating from stem cells. Different cells will be needed for different disease in replacement therapy. Prior to the clinical application, it must be demonstrated in animal model that stem cell based approach induce substantial improvement of function deficits that resemble the debilitating symptoms in patient. It is also important to determine biological mechanism involved the observed effect of stem cell treatment in animal model. Motor neuron cell has been developed invitro from different stem cells sources including mouse and human stem cells [Roy et al, year 2005]. Neural stem cells (NSCs) has been derived from fetal rat spinal cord [Lee H, et al. year 2007] and human forebrain and some other cells like iPS cells. These stem cell derived motor neuron precursors and neuroblast inviro. The motor neuron have extended axon to ventral roots. After transplanting into spinal cord of adult rabbit having the motor degeneration problem, form the neuromascular junction and it give rise to partial recovery from paralysis. after transplantation into the affected area of adult mice and maturation, the stem cells derived motor neuron and attend muscular atrophy. C:UsersGUDDU-SUDDUDesktoppari.jpeg Fig 2 : stem cell based therapeutic approach for motor neuron disease (ALS). ALS leads to degeneration of motor neuron in the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. The stem cell based approach can be induce neuroprotector or dampen detrimental inflammation by implanting stem releasing growth hormone. Finally stem cells derived spinal motor neuron precursor or neuroblast could be transplanted into damaged area to replace damaged or dead neurons. [ Olle lindvall et al,4 jan 2010] Still this approach has not been successful totally to cure MND in case of human. There a several experiment hurdle which must have to overcome so that the cell replacement therapy to become successful. To achieve this goal we must know the specificity of the cell target, homing and special markers. The stem cell must be delivered at multiple site along the spinal cord . the upper motor neuron formed must be innervates to the lower motor neurons the other important aspect is that differential of spinal motor neurons can be directed to the correct cervical, thoracis or lumber phenotype and finally cell project at axial or limb muscles . The central motor neuron like corticospinal neuron also can be replaced which gate degenerated in motor neuron disease. The life Spain of new motor neuron generated should be appropriate. It should also be determine weather the environment in the spinal cord of patient with ALS, which hostile to motor neuron, can be altered [ Olle lindvall et al,4 jan 2010]. The genetical factor is one of the important factor to be consider. The person having ALS carrying genetic mutation in the glial cell so modification of the microglial cell or astrocyte for long term survival of transplanted motor neuron. Stem cell transplantation to counteract motor neuron loss by releasing neurotrophic molecules or modifying the inflammatory environment, play a major role in disease progression. It is more near term clinical goal for ALS [ Olle lindvall et al,4 jan 2010]. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells approach: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell as indicated above in the previous section, can be one of the important approach to treat motor neuron disease. These iPS cells are derived from epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells through the exogenous expression of transcription factor. These iPS cells are also having the characteristic property like to that of embryonic stem cells and hence can have the major impact on disease like neurodegenerative disorder and regenerative medicine. These iPS cells are also self renew and retain potential to be differentiated into all cell type of body [Evangelos kiskins et al]. The another approach to treat MND is directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent (iPS) cell to functional neural phenotype is unknown. Human embryonic stem cells, specified to neural lineage, this cell could be differentiated to form motor neuron with similar efficiency [S karumbayaram et al, July 2010]. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is also one of the common type of neurological disorder leading to infant mortality. This cause selective loss of lower motor neurons which finally result into muscle weakness, paralysis and often death. In this iPS cells were used. iPS cells were taken from skin fibroblast from the child with SMA. These cells expanded robustly in culture, maintained the disease genotype and generate motor neuron that showed selective deficits compared to those derived from childs unaffected mother. This was very essential in many other aspects like it can be used to model the specific pathology seen in a genetically inherited disease, study disease mechanism, screen drug compounds and develop new therapies [Allison D Elbert et al, 15 jan 2009]. Recently human neural stem cells (NSC) graft ameliorate MND in SOD1 transgenic model [Leyan Xu et al, April 2009]. One of the important stem cell approach for treatment of MND is that stem cells derived motor neuron may not survive when exposed to the harsh microenvironment in spinal cord of ALS. Rather than this stem cell may be used for studying glia- mediated toxic mechanism and other therapies in ALS [Jason R Thonhoff et al, June 2008]. Cell therapy may be a promising new treatment for MND. Recently it has been shown a single low dose (106 cells) of mononuclear human umbical cord blood cells administrating intravenously to mice delayed symptoms progression and modestly prolong life span [Svitana Garbuzova Davis et al, 17 June 2010]. Conclusion: Motor neuron disease is due to degeneration of motor neurons. The reason associated with it may be several like genetic factor, environmental factor etc. lesion in the parts of motor system is also one of the important cause of motor neuron disease. Although still there is no permanent cure of this disease. Medical science is concentrating on controlling the factors which are responsible for account of this disease to cure this disease like stroke is one of the common cause for MND so medical science is concentrating to overcome this stroke. Except this, medical science is also concentrating on lesion cure this disease. The main problem with medical science is that it is unable to activate the degenerated cell. Once the cell is dead or degenerate is impossible to make active. The only possible way is replacement of those degenerative and dead cells. Studies are being done to replicate the function of the neuron in term of MEMS (microelectromechanicalsystem) which can be used to replicate the degenerated neurons with these MEMS based microdevices. Apart from all these aspect according to me, stem cell technology approach is the best way to cure this disease. Because the cell which gets degenerated are being replaced here by the new cells produced by stem cells. So the biological environment is being maintained and the normal physiology can be retained by development of same cells which gets degenerated. Still this approach is not being successful because of the experimental hurdle. There is need of more study specially in specificity of the cell target, homing and special markers so that the transplantation is appropriate and it produce the degenerated cells. The various clinical trials are in progress in USA and hopefully as in other animal models it will be also work on human.

Confederate States Of America Essay -- essays papers

Confederate States Of America Confederate States of America, the name adopted by the federation of 11 slave holding Southern states of the United States that seceded from the Union and were arrayed against the national government during the American Civil War. Immediately after confirmation of the election of Abraham Lincoln as president, the legislature of South Carolina convened. In a unanimous vote on December 20, 1860, the state seceded from the Union. During the next two months ordinances of secession were adopted by the states of Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. President James Buchanan, in the last days of his administration, declared that the federal government would not forcibly prevent the secessions. In February 1861, the seceding states sent representatives to a convention in Montgomery, Alabama. The convention, presided over by Howell Cobb of Georgia, adopted a provisional constitution and chose Jefferson Davis of Mississippi as provisional president and Alexander Hamilton Stephens of Georgia as provisional vice president. The convention, on March 11, 1861, unanimously ratified a permanent constitution. The constitution, which closely resembled the federal Constitution, prohibited the African slave trade but allowed interstate commerce in slaves. Jefferson Davis (1808-89), first and only president of the Confederate States of America (1861-65). Davis was born on June 3, 1808, in Christian (now Todd) County, Kentucky, and educated at Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky, and at the U.S. Military Academy. After his graduation in 1828, he saw frontier service until ill health forced his resignation from the army in 1835. He was a planter in Mississippi from 1835 to 1845, when he was elected to the U.S. Congress. In 1846 he resigned his seat in order to serve in the Mexican War and fought at Monterrey and Buena Vista, where he was wounded. He was U.S. senator from Mississippi from 1847 to 1851, secretary of war in the cabinet of President Franklin Pierce from 1853 to 1857, and again U.S. senator from 1857 to 1861. As a senator he often stated his support of slavery and of states' rights, and as a cabinet member he influenced Pierce to sign the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which favored the South and increased the bitterness of the struggle over slavery. In his second term as senator he became t... ...llion; those of the North at $331 million. It was thus obvious that the South was dependent on Europe and on the North for material goods. The lack of resources forced the Confederacy to levy war taxes and borrow heavily on future cotton crops. An inflationary period in 1863 and later government actions almost destroyed the Confederate credit. In addition the South was hampered by the lack of powder mills and of suitable iron works; only one plant, the Tredegar Iron Works in Richmond, was equipped to turn out large field guns. The railroad system was inadequately developed and equipped, and although the South made desperate attempts to maintain itself in a battle against overwhelming odds, the struggles left it financially and industrially ruined at the close of the Civil War. The process of restoring the Confederacy to the Union was called Reconstruction . The U.S. Supreme Court, in 1869, in the case of Texas v. White, declared secession unconstitutional. Bibliography 1. Compton’s Online Encyclopedia 2. America Is, Merrill Publishing Company and Bell and Howell Company, 1987, Columbus, Ohio 3. The American Nation, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1994

Ends, Ways and Means of Us Policy Towards North Korea Essay

â€Å"Ends are defined as the strategic outcomes or the end states desired. Ways are defined as the methods, tactics and procedures, practices, and strategies to achieve the ends. Means are defined as the resources required to achieve the ends, such as troops, weapons systems, money, political will and time. † MG Dennis J. Laich, USAR, Retired President Obama stated in the 2010 National Security Strategy that his administration â€Å"has no greater responsibility than the safety and security of the American people† (Obama, 2010, 4). In order to successfully safeguard and secure America, the administration must have clear foreign policy delineating how it will deal with the various states across the globe that pose potential threats to America. One of these is North Korea. The US policy ends this essay will focus on are denuclearization and the improvement of North Korea’s human rights record. The Obama Administration inherited a difficult situation with regard to North Korea’s continued attempts to advance its nuclear weapons program. The ends of US policy regarding North Korea’s nuclear weapons program is successful denuclearization of the Korean peninsula (Obama, 2010, 23). President Obama stated in his 2010 National Security Strategy, â€Å"if they [North Korea] ignore their international obligations, we will pursue multiple means to increase their isolation and bring them into compliance† (Ibid, 24). During his first term, President Obama chose to continue the Bush Administration’s policy of direct, bilateral diplomacy in effort to reduce North Korea’s nuclear threat (Klingner, 2009, 1). This effort included enforcement of existing sanctions, expansion of the Proliferation Security Initiative and demanding North Korean compliance with U. N. Security Council resolutions regarding the dissolution of Pyongyang’s nuclear program (Ibid). The US continues to use U. N. sanctions and diplomatic effort to reduce the nuclear threat North Korea presents. However, US policy does not focus solely on the denuclearization of North Korea. It also addresses other issues North Korea brings to the international stage such as human rights violations posed on the international front as well. Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons is usually considered the main focus of US policy towards North Korea; however, issues such as North Korea’s illicit activities and human rights violations are also of concern (Chanlett-Avery, 2011). The strategy of the Obama Administration is to influence North Korea to improve its human rights record through international pressure and direct support via the North Korean Human Rights Act (Ibid, 13). The North Korean Human Rights Act (NKHRA) authorizes funds to support human rights efforts in North Korea and improve the flow of information to and from the country. It also requires the President to appoint a Special Envoy on human rights in North Korea. Additionally, it allows for North Koreans to apply for asylum in the United States (Ibid, 14). As of 2011, relatively few North Korean refugees live in the US, but the program continues to â€Å"facilitate the unhindered dissemination of information in North Korea† through Korean language radio broadcasts funded through the NKHRA’s $2M annual budget (Ibid). The ways and means of US policy towards North Korea require dedication, diligence and comprehensive confrontation using a combination of all instruments of national power (Ibid, 9). Nuclear proliferation may be the main issue between the US and North Korea, but it is not the only one. The US is also engaged with North Korea in effort to improve Pyongyang’s human rights record and improve the way the North Korean government treats its populace. US policy toward North Korea has proven to be similar to dealing with an obstinate, attention seeking child and will require patience and willingness to use all instruments of power should there be no other alternative.